ABSTRACT
@#【Objective】To investigate the effects of up-regulating RA signal and inhibiting AP-1 transcriptional activity on TGF-β2 secretion by RPEs and its possible pathways.【Methods】① To investigate the effects of ATRA treat⁃ ment，human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 cells were divided into 5 groups：control group and 4 interven⁃ tion groups（6 h，12 h，24 h and 48 h after RA treatment）. Western blot，RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence staining were carried out to analyze RARβ and c-Fos expression. ②To investigate the effects of RARβ inhibitor LE540 treatment on expression of RARβ and c-Fos that were induced by ATRA，ARPE-19 cells were divided into 4 groups：control group，ATRA group，LE540 group and ATRA+LE540 group. RARβ and c-Fos expression was assessed by western blot and RT-qPCR. ③ To investigate the effects of AP-1 inhibitor T-5224 treatment，ARPE-19 cells were divided into 4 groups：control group and treatment groups（12 h，24 h and 48 h after T-5224 treatment）. EMSA was carried out to ana⁃ lyze the AP-1 DNA binding activity. ④To investigate the effects of LE540 and T-5224 administration on ATRA- induced TGF-β2 secretion，ARPE-19 cells were divided into 4 groups：control group，ATRA group，ATRA+LE540 group and ATRA+LE540 group. Western blot and ELISA were carried out to analyze TGF-β2 secretion in ARPE-19 cells.【Results】 RARβ level in ARPE-19 cells was significantly higher in treatment group than in control group after being treated with ATRA for 24 and 48 hours（P＜0.05）. C-Fos level was first up-regulated and then decreased. After treatment with ATRA for 6 and 12 hours，c-Fos expression were significantly upregulated（P＜0.01），but at 48 h after treatment，their expression were significantly decreased to the level which had no statistical difference compared with the control group （P＞0.05）. The AP-1 DNA binding activity was significantly decreased in ARPE-19 cells after being treated with T-5224 for 24 and 48 hours（P＜0.01）. Compared with ATRA group，TGF-β2 secretion was statistically down-regulated after being treated with LE540 and T-5224 for 48 hours（P＜0.05）.【Conclusion】ATRA can induce TGF-β2 secretion in RPE cells through affecting RARβ expression and AP-1 transcriptional activity.
ABSTRACT
[Objective]To investigate the effects of peripheral form-deprivation and central form-deprivation on em-metropization of infant rhesus monkeys.[Methods]Nineteen healthy infant rhesus monkeys,about 3 weeks of age,were divided into three groups of A(n=6),B(n=6)and C(n=7)by random.The monkeys from group A wore peripheral form-deprivation spectacle lenses over both of their eyes.The monkeys from group B wore central form-deprivation lenses over both of their eyes.The monkeys from group C were 0.00 Dlenses over both of their eyes as control.The monkeys'refractive error,corneal topography,vitreous chamber depth were measured at the start of lens wear and at 2 weeks,1.5 months, 2 months,3 months post-treatment. By these means,we can observe the changes of eye growth and refractive status dynamically.[Results]In group A,B and C,no statistically significant difference was observed between the right and left eyes in vitreous chamber depth and refractive errors pre-and post-treatment(P>0.05).During the course of study,the vitreous chamber depthelongated gradually and refractive status became less hyperopic in all animals.After 3 months'lens wear,the axial eyeball elongation amplitude(mm)of group A(peripheral form-deprivation group,1.25±0.36)monkeys was more obvious than that of group C(control group,0.55±0.19,P=0.001),but there was no statistically significant difference between group B(0.59±0.14)and C(P=0.807).The decrease of hyperopic degrees(D)of group A monkeys (-4.44±1.33)was more obvious than that of group C(-1.83±0.58,P=0.000).The eyes of group A monkeys appeared a remarkable myopic shift after treatment. No statistically significant difference was found between group B(-2.25±0.31) and C in hyperopic degrees reduction(P=0.383). Before and after lens wear,no statistically significant difference was found within or between groups in corneal Sim K values(P>0.05).[Conclusion]During the emmetropization process of infant rhesus monkeys,if the visual signals from peripheral retina are in conflict with those from central retina,the former will play a dominant role.
ABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo study the necessity of treating prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc by active movement treatment. Methods68 patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc were divided into the group of active movement treatment (31 cases) and the control group (37 cases). One year later, the recurrence rate and F wave motor nerve conduction velocity of two groups were compared. ResultsThere is a lower recurrence rate (P<0.05) and a faster F wave motor nerve conduction velocity (P<0.01) in the group of active movement treatment compared with the control group. F wave motor nerve conduction velocity of the group of active movement treatment is also faster than that of 1 year ago (P<0.001). Conclusions It is necessary for patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc doing active movement.